雅思写作中常用却易出错的句子问题

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1134 2019-11-01 北京朗阁小编
     雅思托福0元试学

雅思写作中我们常常会遇到的逻辑关系就是因果关系,但是在因果关系句子中我们也比较容易出现文法修辞等问题,今天北京朗阁小编将为大家讲述雅思写作中常用却易出错的句子问题

 

状况一:

 

X(不佳):The reason why he wouldn’t to the wedding is because the bride was once his girlfriend.

 

他不愿参加婚礼的原因是新娘曾是他的女友。

 

这个句子的文法修辞问题不止一处。

 

首先,the reason 和why 同样表示“原因”,这种重复在修辞上不够经济,可省去关系词 why,或者以连接词 that 取代,成为:

 

X(不佳):The reason (that) he wouldn’t to the wedding is because the bride was once his girlfriend.

 

这样修改之后仍不理想,原因之一是 the reason 和 because 仍然重复表达“原因”,应再精简。

 

如果把the reason去掉,成为:

 

X(不佳):He wouldn’t to the wedding is because the bride was once his girlfriend.

 

如此虽然解决了重复的问题,可是仍不理想,主要是 because the bride was once his girlfriend 这个子句 却在be动词后面 作主语补语使用,这是文法上的错误。

 

亦即,because 引导的副词子句 不应该放在be动词后面的补语位置,前者为果、后者为因的“因果关系”。

 

要表达这种关系,直截了当地改为:

 

√ He wouldn’t to the wedding because the bride was once his girlfriend.

 

或者:

 

√ The reason he wouldn’t to the wedding is that the bride was once his girlfriend.

 

比较这两句,可发现前者比较简洁(字数较少),这是它的优点。

 

后者虽然字数较多,可是能够发挥 加强预期的功能(强调他不去的原因何在)。

 

既然有特殊的修辞功能,就不能说是冗长,因而也是一个可能的选择。

 

状况二:

 

X(不佳):The electric car is not yet a practical alternative to the gasoline car, the reason being that there are not many charging stations around.

 

电动车还不是汽油车之外的实际选择,原因在于充电站并不普 遍。

 

这个句子中,the reason being that... 是 because the reason is that 的简化。

 

它的主语 the reason 与主要子句主词 the electric car 不同,所以在简化时要*留。

 

这种处理方式在文法上是正确的,然而从修辞上来看,the reason being that...稍显冗长,不如改为 because 比较简洁:

 

√ The electric car is not yet a practical alternative to the gasoline car, (the reason being…) because there are not many charging stations around.

 

状况三:

 

X(不佳):The crop failed due to excessive rain in the final weeks before harvest.

 

农作物歉收,因为收成前后几个星期雨水过多。

 

这个句子不佳,因为词类有错误。

 

Due的词类是形容词,而英文的形容词是用来修饰名词的,只有两种位置可以使用:

 

1. 名词词组中,例如 in due time(到了恰当的时间);

 

2. 补语位置,例如 The books are due.(书到期该换了)

 

在上面的句子中,用形容词词组 due to... 来修饰动词 failed 的原因,是误把形容词当副词用,属于文法错误。

 

可以这样改:

 

√ The crop failed was due to excessive rain in the final weeks before harvest.

 

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